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February 01 2003
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Finally, Fewer Antibiotics for Children

 

Young children are being prescribed fewer antibiotics than they were in 1995, a decrease that is in line with recent public health messages urging doctors to tone down their use of antibiotic prescriptions.

In 1995, close to 1,200 antibiotic prescriptions were written per 1,000 children, however in 1999 the number had declined some 41 percent to about 700 prescriptions per 1,000 children, according to a study of children aged 4 years and younger.

Overuse, and frequent misuse, of antibiotics to treat ailments such as the cold and flu, has allowed many bacteria to become resistant to the drugs, rendering the illnesses harder to treat.

In response to the increasing problem of antibiotic resistance, organizations including the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the American Academy of Pediatrics published guidelines for the appropriate use of antibiotics. Other campaigns, targeting both doctors and parents, were also launched.

The recent study, which investigated the effect of these campaigns on antibiotic prescribing using data from 1993 to 1999, concluded that the campaigns are indeed making a difference.

Of the antibiotic prescriptions included in the study, close to half were intended to treat otitis media (middle ear infections). Upper respiratory infections, pharyngitis (throat inflammation), bronchitis and sinusitis also accounted for a large number of the antibiotic prescriptions. Antibiotics were prescribed for upper respiratory infections even though the drugs are often ineffective against such illnesses, researchers said.

Data indicated that antibiotic prescriptions for middle ear infections and upper respiratory infections both decreased during the study period, which, researchers say, accounted for a large portion of overall reduction.

Decreasing antibiotic use may stop antibiotic resistance from spreading in the short-term and may decrease resistance in the future, researchers noted.

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal December 2002;21:1023-1028



Dr. Mercola Dr. Mercola's Comments:

I recently posted an article describing my disdain that two out of three babies receive antibiotics by their first birthday.

A Canadian physician sent me a letter describing my views as:

"Simplistic to say the least. If you would care to look at infant mortality rates in the "pre-antibiotic era" you will be amazed to find that most babies were killed before their first birthday by "everyday" infections, like streptococci, that are routinely treated and therefore a life "saved" today by your enemy, antibiotics."

This well-intentioned but misinformed physician has not done his homework. He speaks with scientific authority as if he had lived through that age and is accepting similar commonly held tenets that are used in the justification of vaccines. Namely, this logic implies that the introduction of these procedures is solely responsible for the improvement in deaths from infectious diseases.

What cannot be debated is the fact that infectious diseases are declining. But are they declining from the use of antibiotics and vaccines or are there other contributing factors?

In the United States during the mid part of the last century there was a dramatic decline in the occurrence and mortality of scarlet fever. This decline in severity began in the 1930s, BEFORE the advent of antibiotics for the treatment of streptococcal disease, and continued up to and including the 1970s. The death rate declined from 72 percent in the pre-antibiotic area to about 7 percent to 27 percent thereafter.

It is likely that improved nutrition and hygiene are largely responsible for the improvement in infectious diseases, not antibiotics, as even in the post-antibiotic era the death rate can be as high as 27 percent.

Should antibiotics be used? Absolutely. I am not opposed to their use in every circumstance, only to the reliance on them in situations where they are obviously of little or no use. In my experience that is well over 95 percent of the time they are prescribed.

Ideally, you will be able to use this information to spread the truth about the true cause of disease. It is encouraging, however, to see that the trend of antibiotic abuse by physicians is decreasing.

Having said that, I did receive a number of letters from physicians from non-U.S. countries denouncing the fact that I did not praise antibiotics because they have saved so many lives of children that would have died in earlier times.

It is clear that there are indeed times when antibiotics are needed and will benefit the person taking them. However, in the larger picture they are widely over-prescribed and, in my experience, rarely required if the adult or child is receiving optimized nutrition.

What most physicians fail to realize is the enormous influence that sugar and grains have on the immune system. If you eat a typical American diet, you will likely obtain a variety of infections due to this immune impairment.

However, even an optimally fed infant will acquire infections. This is just the natural process of growing up. This is not necessarily a bad thing as many parents fear.

Many traditional medical circles now accept the hygiene hypothesis -- the idea that children who experience frequent infections and inflammations in early childhood will strengthen their immune systems and be less prone to allergies and asthma than children who rarely experience such infections.

Unfortunately, the hypothesis hasn’t penetrated the population rapidly enough to prevent the inevitable health traumas resulting from the antibiotics given to our infants.

Related Articles:

Fever in Children - A Blessing in Disguise

Anti-Fever Drugs May Prolong Flu

Most Parents Clueless on How to Treat Fevers in Kids

Hygiene Hypothesis of Asthma

If Your Kids Are Too Clean They Can Get Asthma and Eczema

The Reason for Childhood Diseases

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