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E. coli can cause serious illness and sometimes
death, especially in children and the elderly. An estimated 73,480 people
are infected every year, and about 600 cases are fatal, according to the
federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Ground beef that's been irradiated to kill E. Coli
and other deadly bacteria could start showing up in supermarkets next
month. New rules that allow the irradiation of raw beef, pork and lamb
took effect February 22. Most meatpackers intend to start small, testing
irradiated ground beef in select markets to see how it sells. Colorado
Boxed Beef Co., a Florida processor, is expected to be the first to test
the market by distributing through grocery chains in the Southeast.
The company had to recall 359,000 pounds beef products
in November 1998 because of possible contamination with the deadly E.
coli bacteria, and Florida officials have been promoting irradiation heavily.
Initially, irradiated meat is likely to be most popular with hospitals
and nursing homes because of the danger E. coli poses to patients with
weakened immune systems. But its use there could generate interest from
consumers, said Tim Willard, a spokesman for the National Food Processors
Association.
The meat is expected to cost an extra three to five
cents per pound but the price is likely to drop as it becomes more widely
available. Excel Corp., the industry's No. 2 firm, plans to start shipping
treated beef to its food service customers the first week of March.
Irradiation has long been allowed for poultry, as
well as fruits, vegetables and spices. But it is seldom used on poultry,
partly because the primary poultry pathogens aren't as dangerous as E.
coli and chicken processors haven't thought it was worth the expense,
say industry experts. One big recall for E. coli, by contrast, can devastate
a meatpacker financially.
The irradiation is done by three methods - gamma
rays, X-rays, or electron beams. In addition to eliminating E. coli, the
treatment can significantly reduce levels of other pathogens, including
listeria, salmonella and campylobacter. The food isn't radioactive, and
while there is a slight loss of nutrients, the food is largely unchanged,
according to the Food and Drug Administration.
Special labels are required, carrying the international
symbol of irradiation, known as a "radura," and a statement that they
were treated. The symbol, colored green on a white background, depicts
two leaves resting in a semicircle, with a green dot above it beneath
a broken-lined semicircle.
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