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Marcus Horwitz, a California
researcher, developed a new vaccine designed to promote the production
of specific bacterial proteins. These proteins have protected mice from
certain diseases, such as TB, in laboratory tests.
It has been almost 80 years
since a vaccine for tuberculosis bacterium has been tested. Human are
the target of this latest wave of testing, scheduled for the end of the
year.
Last year the US reported 16,000
cases of TB, half of which occur in people born in other countries. The
disease, which kills 2 million people
worldwide, has sparked a surge of scientific and international
funding to create vaccines to defend against it. Vaccines become dated
because bacterial strains of TB develop a resistance to them, making it
necessary to continue to create new drugs and vaccines.
TB may remain dormant in the
lungs for years, maybe even a lifetime. Infection occurs in about 5-10%
of those carrying the bacteria. Symptoms, which include fever, night sweats
and coughing, can be transmitted and infect others. If you have active
TB, it is necessary to take medication for 6-9 months in order to stop
the progress of the disease. The World Health Organization leads a program
called DOTS (directly observed treatment, short-course) to make sure victims
of TB are taking their medication regularly. This will increase the cure
rate and prevent the bacteria from developing resistance to the vaccine.
Washington
Post June 4, 2002; Page A08
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