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It is known that vitamin A deficiency can lead to increased
deaths in infants under 6 months of age. Researchers found
that giving infants two doses of vitamin A (24,000 IU each
dose) within 48 hours of birth significantly reduced early
infant mortality. Newborn infants who received vitamin A had
a 22 percent to 23 percent reduction in mortality during the
first six months of life.
Researchers are uncertain why infants benefit from receiving
a large dose of vitamin A shortly after birth, but suggest
vitamin A may provide a stimulus to rapid maturation of both
gut and lung lining. This matured lining may be more resistant
to invasion by pathogens or may be able to clear such organisms
more efficiently.
British
Medical Journal August 2, 2003;327:254
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