Whether or not eating chocolate helps or hurts one’s health
has been a highly controversial topic. However, researchers are
moving the debate to more of a consensus. The evidence appears overwhelming
that the consumption of dark chocolate can improve both glucose
metabolism (diabetic control) and blood pressure.
Results were gathered from a small study that involved 15 healthy
young adults who were supplemented daily with 100 grams of dark
chocolate or 90 grams of white chocolate, each of which provided
480 kilocalories. Respectively, the polyphenol content (having antioxidant
activity) present in the dark and white chocolate were calculated
to be 500 and 0 milligrams (mg). Participants were divided into
two groups; each group ingested:
- One type of chocolate for 15 days
- No chocolate for a subsequent seven days
- The other type of chocolate for an additional 15 days
It was discovered that dark chocolate supplementation was linked
to improved insulin resistance and sensitivity, as well as decreased
systolic blood pressure. The white chocolate, on the other hand,
had no effect.
Chocolate’s Flavanol Content
Cocoa is rich in flavanols, a class of polyphenols found in plants;
however, the concentration of the flavanols in any chocolate depends
on:
- The flavanol content of the cocoa plant it is derived from
- The procedures used to transform the cocoa into chocolate
Chocolate such as the dark chocolate used in the study could contain
a relatively high concentration of flavanols. Researchers believe
the regulation of nitric oxide production by the flavanols found
in dark chocolate could explain its effects on insulin sensitivity
and blood pressure. It remains unclear, however, how flavanols interact
with the body to increase nitric oxide bioavailability. One suggested
mechanism is insulin-mediated cell signaling, because insulin can
modulate several signaling molecules involved in nitric oxide-synthase
regulation.
American
Journal of Clinical Nutrition March 2005; 81(3): 541-542 (Free
Full-Text Article)
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition March 2005; 81(3): 611-614
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