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July 18 2007
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Insulin Resistance -- Not Belly Fat -- to Blame for Metabolic Syndrome

Metabolic syndrome -- a group of symptoms including diabetes, pre-diabetes, high blood pressure and high cholesterol that increases the risk of heart disease -- is no longer thought to be caused primarily by abdominal fat.

Instead, researchers at Yale University School of Medicine have determined, via new imaging technologies, that insulin resistance in skeletal muscle leads to changes in energy storage, leading to metabolic syndrome.

Insulin resistance, which occurs when the body becomes resistant to the hormone insulin, occurs in skeletal muscle when the muscles are no longer able to make glycogen, a form of stored carbohydrate, from food energy. In turn, insulin resistance in skeletal muscle promotes an increase in fats in the bloodstream, which leads to metabolic syndrome.

Using magnetic resonance imaging techniques, the researchers were able to determine that insulin-sensitive individuals in their study converted carbohydrate energy (from eating a high-carb meal) into glycogen that was stored in the liver and muscle.

Among insulin-resistant individuals, however, the carbohydrate energy was rerouted to liver fat production. The process elevated the participants’ triglycerides in the blood by as much as 60 percent while lowering HDL (good) cholesterol by 20 percent. This occurred even though the participants were young and lean, with no excess of abdominal fat.

More than 50 million Americans suffer from metabolic syndrome, and half of the population is predisposed to it.

The researchers pointed out that there is good news to their findings: insulin resistance in skeletal muscle can be treated with a simple method, exercise.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences July 18, 2007

Science Blog July 16, 2007



Dr. Mercola Dr. Mercola's Comments:
The researchers hit the nail on the head when they identified insulin resistance as a key factor in metabolic syndrome, and took it a step further when they correctly pointed out that this devastating syndrome can be reversed with a simple prescription for diet and exercise.

Metabolic syndrome (which used to be called Syndrome X) was thought to be caused primarily by a combination of diet, genetic factors, a sedentary lifestyle and obesity -- particularly if the fat was distributed around the abdomen in a “spare tire” or potbelly.

Now it turns out that even thin people are at risk of this condition, clearly because insulin resistance can be devastating regardless of other risk factors.

Meanwhile, it’s known that people who don’t exercise build dangerous fat around their organs (called visceral fat) -- regardless of whether they appear fat or thin on the outside. Visceral fat contributes to not only insulin resistance but heart disease and metabolic syndrome as well.

Metabolic syndrome is also sometimes referred to as pre-diabetes, which is characterized by insulin resistance and can easily develop into full-blown diabetes if not treated.

The good news here is that to “treat” metabolic syndrome and pre-diabetes (and also type 2 diabetes, for that matter), the prescription is the same: get out there and exercise, and chose foods appropriate for your nutritional type.

When it comes to eating, you’ll want to stay away from any foods that increase your insulin, namely grains and sugars, and of course, processed foods.


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Community Comments ( 30 )
Comment on this Article
  
  
seg
[ Joined on 11/06 ] [ Posted on July 17, 2007 ]
10 Points        
   
 
Savvy User
Yes the last word is one of the most potent in the whole article...

Boils down to what i keep telling myself every so often, diet and exercise, diet and exercise, with a few other knick knacks it's not rocket science at all...
 [ Reply ]
  
  
Russ Bianchi
[ Joined on 09/06 ] [ Posted on July 17, 2007 ]
9 Points        
   
 
Savvy User
Exercise indeed, however stop consuming HFCS also.
 [ Reply ]
Mercola
  
neroli moonstone
[ Joined on 06/07 ]  [ Posted on July 18, 2007]
11 Points        
   
Apprentice User
  Mercola
This is an interesting article with a new slant on fat storage and insulin resistance. I wonder whether a low carb diet combined with exercise form a young age would set in place good insulin uptake when we are older? Is this storage mechanism set up from birth? Is it even genetically inherited? Or is it just plain bad eating habits and lack of exercise that creates the pattern? love dom ox
  
  
mimi2seven
[ Joined on 04/07 ] [ Posted on July 20, 2007 ]
8 Points        
   
 
Savvy User
All I could think when I read this was "Well, duh!"  I mean, I figured this out for myself just by reading about how the body is supposed to work as opposed to how the bodies of Type 2 diabetics and people with metabolic syndrome work.  I've been saying it for years - the fat doesn't cause diabetes, the diabetes causes the fat.  The problem just isn't being identified until the poor victim has already become obese and unhealthy on the grain-heavy American diet.
 [ Reply ]
  
  
mmc88121
[ Joined on 11/06 ] [ Posted on July 17, 2007 ]
8 Points        
   
 
Moderator User
I especially liked the last line.  The best way to prevent this- exercise.

Mary
 [ Reply ]
  
  
"David"
[ Joined on 08/06 ] [ Posted on July 20, 2007 ]
5 Points        
   
 
Savvy User
Many people who have a logical understanding of basic body biochemistry, will have known this for some time.
The question is....
WHY...
 here in the UK at least, do dieticians ...
hospital nutritionists.... Diabetes UK.... the vast majority of health advisors/professionals...
.and of course, the food industry ('we're in control') ;).... advocate Low fat, no saturated fat, whole grain, 'some sugar', eating regimes!!?? 

Small wonder we have such health problems eh?!

David.
 [ Reply ]
  
  
vince
[ Joined on 09/06 ] [ Posted on July 17, 2007 ]
3 Points        
   
 
Apprentice User
The growing evidence  that insulin resistance not 'belly fat ' is the prime cause behind Metabolic syndrome is important .The really good news is that this condition is easily addressed- diet and EXERCISE. Anyone who has read the comments of Dr. Rosedale has understood this relationship for quite a while. Thanks Dr. Mercola. Vince
 [ Reply ]
Mercola
  
grammylaura59
[ Joined on 01/07 ]  [ Posted on August 2, 2007]
1 Points        
   
This user is BELOW novice level and all their comments need to be reviewed with great caution.
  Mercola

Speaking of Dr. Rosedale, I live in Denver, Co where he is supposed to have  a practice and I have been unable to locate any sign of him.  Makes me wonder if he really is a doctor, and does he really exist?

Mercola
  
Dr. David Spitz
[ Joined on 12/06 ]  [ Posted on August 2, 2007]
7 Points        
   
Apprentice User
  Mercola

The 'insanity' is that the medical community would think metabolic syndrome or anything else was caused by belly fat. Don't they get that the belly fat is a sign of a lifestyle incongruent with health?

Dr Dave

Mercola
  
stedgar
[ Joined on 06/06 ]  [ Posted on August 2, 2007]
1 Points        
   
Novice User
  Mercola

Isn't it a given that excess belly fat is a SYMPTOM of Insulin Resistance?

Mercola
  
Jrey
[ Joined on 03/07 ]  [ Posted on August 2, 2007]
1 Points        
   
Novice User
  Mercola

I have a problem with exercise. I exercise vigorously, alternating between jogging and swimming with swimming a little more effective in lowering glucose levels. However, recently, I've had to increase intensity and time in order to get noticeable results. On occasion, after an hour of almost full speed running, my glucose levels rise instead of fall. 30 minute swims are no longer enough. I've had to raise that to 60 and 90 minutes. Even with all this exercise, I have problems lowering glucose to safe levels. I would appreciate any suggestions.

Mercola
  
HealthLee1
[ Joined on 01/07 ]  [ Posted on August 2, 2007]
1 Points        
   
Novice User
  Mercola

In response to JREY, about lowering your glucose levels, I highly recommend you read Dr. Perricone's book "The Perricone Promise". This book has a lot of important information about nutrition. He has many foods he recommends that aid in lowering glucose levels. It sounds like the you're doing specific exercise to lower your glucose levels, but I would concentrate more on the foods you eat. I'm not an expert but hope to learn more about nutrition myself. I advice you to read Chapter 6 of The Perricone Promise-Boosting Production in Your Energy Factory, paying close attention to Pg 130 "PEP Versus Syndrome X" and his product PEP; and the gray box on Pg 131 Insulin resistance....

I hope this help!

  
  
Jen333
[ Joined on 07/07 ] [ Posted on July 18, 2007 ]
1 Points        
   
 
Novice User
very interesting!
 [ Reply ]
  
  
GreenScribe
[ Joined on 05/08 ] [ Posted on July 3, 2008 ]
       
   
 
Novice User

There is not something that applies to EVERYONE, and when I see an article like this, I know it might be helping some people, but leaving out many others.  WOMEN going through perimenopause start having changes:  Like developing a belly - despite not changing their diet and exercise regime.  That is exactly what happened to me.  I exercise vigorously 5 times per week - and did before and after my hormones started changing.  I went to the doctor as this change started happening, and no one could explain why or what to do about it - other than eating even less & exercising more (I was already on a 1,200 calorie diet).  My body shape has changed entirely - I used to have a "Scarlet O'Hara" tiny waist - and now I have a big belly, and cannot budge ANY of it off - no dieting, no exercise has made 1/2 inch change.  

It's very frustrating to read articles that claim to have the cure - I've checked all over the internet, and MANY women going through menopause are reporting the same thing.  How about addressing that issue?  

 [ Reply ]
  
  
RAF tartan
[ Joined on 07/06 ] [ Posted on June 25, 2008 ]
       
   
 
Novice User

On a previous I indicated that after fourteen years of taking insulin I managed to completely stop two years ago with diet and exercise. At this point mt weight loss stopped and my HBa1C readings varied between 6.6 and 6.1.The doctor had told me that my insulin resistance problem had gone. I decided not to take this advice and introduced alpha lipoic acid  every day now my blood sugar averages 5.8 and have made significant weight loss.

 [ Reply ]
  
  
Dorle
[ Joined on 01/07 ] [ Posted on August 3, 2007 ]
       
   
 
Novice User

There must be more involved than diet and exercise because I cannot get rid of my belly fat in spite of regular circuit training, 3 times/week [Curves] for almost three years. My type 2 diabetes is somewhat controlled with medications and attention to diet, very difficult, since I've recently been diagnosed with 50% kidney function. That means restriction on potassium, so that I cannot eat things like nuts and beans for example, that are recommended for diabetics though. My father was type 1, died at age 65, my sister has also type 1. Both of them battled overweight for many years; I "joined" them more recently.

 [ Reply ]
Mercola
  
RAF tartan
[ Joined on 07/06 ]  [ Posted on August 3, 2007]
       
   
Novice User
  Mercola

Dorle

My experience has been increase your blood sugar measurements to fully understand what diffferent foods are doing to your blood sugar. I was surprised when I found that potatoes,bran flakes and white bread had a major effect and eliminated them at the same time my exercise regime was purely walking at least 10k steps a day.My diet totally excluded processed food and I ate almost exclusively organic food.I took just six months to lose 21 lbs and the need to inject insulin.During this process I thought that I would lose fat around my stomach (The diabetic Store)  but did not shift despite increasing my exercise to include weights.As of two weeks ago I thought I would try Fuco-Thin to accelerate stomach fat loss and hopefully this will help.My view is that get your blood sugar into control by exercise and healthy eating and just lose weight initially belly fat is phase two.   During this process I have reduced my cholestrol brought and erratic heart beat  in to an non arrythmia situation and have removed my glasses after wearing them for twenty years. The bottom line it is simple all you have to do is imagine yourself and how you would like to look and keep that vivid image in your mind and let nothing distract you.

Mercola
  
Celiac
[ Joined on 08/06 ]  [ Posted on February 5, 2008]
       
   
Novice User
  Mercola

Dorle

Have you ever been checked for Celiac Disease.  All family members should be checked for Celiac Disease if they have someone with type 1 diabetes.  I have 2 sibs with type 1 diabetes.  It took 2 years of severe neurolgical problems(really 50)to get diagnosed because 99% of the doctors do not know that Celiac is more common than Colitis, Crohn’s and MS put together.  Go to the Celiac Websites and read and get tested.  Statistic wise, approximately 2.2 million are living with Celiac Disease yet only 3% have been diagnosed so far.  

As for Insulin Resistance, I do think this is probably very common in Celiacs that have gone undiagnosed for years.  My husband and I both have Celiac, we are both thin, we both eat healthy…especially now, my husband runs and lifts weights everyday and he still has a belly that just won’t go away.  We both have slightly high fasting blood sugar 99/94.  I think there is something wrong besides diet and exercise.

  
  
RAF tartan
[ Joined on 07/06 ] [ Posted on August 3, 2007 ]