References
(Note: abstracts to these papers are generally available at PubMed)
1. Perry RJ, Hodges JR. Fate of patients with questionable (very mild) Alzheimer's disease: longitudinal profiles of individual subjects' decline. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2000;11:342-9. 2. Maccioni RB, Munoz JP, Barbeito L. The molecular bases of Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders. Arch Med Res. 2001;32:367-81 3. Gerdes, LU, Klausen IC, Sihm I, Færgeman O. Apolipoprotein E Polymorphism in a Danish Population Compared to Findings in 45 Other Study Populations Around the World. Genet Epidemiol 1992;9:155-67. 4. Corbo RM, Scacchi R. Apolipoprotein E (APOE) allele distribution in the world. Is APOE*4 a 'thrifty' allele? Ann Hum Genet. 1999;63:301-10. 5. Grant WB. Dietary links to Alzheimer's disease. Alz Dis Rev. 1997;2:42-55. http://www.mc.uky.edu/adreview/Vol2/Grant/grant.pdf 6. Luchsinger JA, Tang MX, Shea S, Mayeux R. Caloric intake and the risk of Alzheimer disease. Arch Neurol. 2002;59:1258-63. 7. Chandra V, Ganguli M, Pandav R, Johnston J, Belle S, DeKosky ST. Prevalence of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias in rural India: the Indo-US study. Neurology. 1998 Oct;51(4):1000-8. 8. Morris MC, Evans DA, Bienias JL, et al. Dietary fats and the risk of incident Alzheimer disease. Arch Neurol. 2003;60:194-200. Erratum in: Arch Neurol. 2003;60:1072. 9. Morris MC, Evans DA, Bienias JL, et al. Consumption of fish and n-3 fatty acids and risk of incident Alzheimer disease. Arch Neurol. 2003;60:940-6. 10. Erasmus U. Fats that Heal; Fats that Kill, Fourth Printing, Alive Books, Burnaby, Can., 1993:456 pp. 11. Kalmijn S, Feskens EJM, Launer LJ, Kromhout D, Polyunsaturated fatty acids, antioxidants, and cognitive function in very old men. Am J Epidemiol 1997;145:33-41. 12. Kalmijn S, Lauher LJ, Ott A, Witteman JCM, Hofman A, Breteler MMB, Dietary fat intake and the risk of incident dementia in the Rotterdam study. Ann Neurol 1997;42:776-82. 13. Grant WB. The primary role of sweeteners in determining body mass index of women from developing countries; implications for risk of chronic disease. Am J Clin Nutr. in press (August 2004). 14. Simopoulos AP. The traditional diet of Greece and cancer. Eur J Cancer Prev. 2004;13:219-30. 15. de la Torre JC. Vascular basis of Alzheimer's pathogenesis. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2002;977:196-215. 16. Burke JR, Roses AD. Genetics of Alzheimer's disease. Int J Neurol. 1991-1992;25-6:41-51. 17. Strittmatter WJ, Saunders AM, Schmechel D, et al. Apolipoprotein E: high-avidity binding to beta-amyloid and increased frequency of type 4 allele in late-onset familial Alzheimer disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993;90:1977-81. 18. Roses AD, Saunders AM. APOE is a major susceptibility gene for Alzheimer's disease. Curr Opin Biotechnol. 1994;5:663-7. 19. Corder EH, Lannfelt L, Bogdanovic N, Fratiglioni L, Mori H. The role of APOE polymorphisms in late-onset dementias. Cell Mol Life Sci. 1998;54:928-34. 20. Roses AD. Apolipoprotein E and Alzheimer's disease. The tip of the susceptibility iceberg. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1998;855:738-43. 21. Ramassamy C, Averill D, Beffert U, et al. Oxidative insults are associated with apolipoprotein E genotype in Alzheimer's disease brain. Neurobiol Dis. 2000;7:23-37. 22. Lahiri DK, Sambamurti K, Bennett DA. Apolipoprotein gene and its interaction with the environmentally driven risk factors: molecular, genetic and epidemiological studies of Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging. 2004;25:651-60. 23. Sparks DL. Coronary artery disease, hypertension, ApoE, and cholesterol: a link to Alzheimer’s disease? Ann NY Acad Sci. 1997;826:128-46. 24. Ji ZS, Miranda RD, Newhouse YM, Weisgraber KH, Huang Y, Mahley RW. Apolipoprotein E4 potentiates amyloid beta peptide-induced lysosomal leakage and apoptosis in neuronal cells. J Biol Chem. 2002;277:21821-8. 25. Godfrey ME, Wojcik DP, Krone CA. Apolipoprotein E genotyping as a potential biomarker for mercury neurotoxicity. J Alzheimers Dis. 2003;5:189-95. 26. White L, Petrovitch H, Ross GW, et al. Prevalence of dementia in older Japanese-American men in Hawaii: The Honolulu-Asia Aging Study. JAMA. 1996;276:955-60. 27. Armstrong B, Doll R. Environmental factors and cancer incidence and mortality in different countries, with special reference to dietary practices. Int J Cancer. 1975;15:617-31. 28. Doll R, Peto R. The causes of cancer: quantitative estimates of avoidable risks of cancer in the United States today. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1981;66:1191-308 29. Burkitt DP. Possible relationships between bowel cancer and dietary habits. Proc R Soc Med. 1971;64:964-5. 30. Grant WB. Vindication for the ecologic approach, BMJ Rapid Response, 26 July 2003, http://bmj.com/cgi/eletters/327/7408/181#34924 31. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Food Balance Sheets; 1992-94 Average. FAO, Rome, 1996 32. Kalmijn S. Fatty acid intake and the risk of dementia and cognitive decline: a review of clinical and epidemiological studies. J Nutr Health Aging. 2000;4:202-7. 33. Grant WB. The APOE-epsilon4 allele and Alzheimer disease among African Americans, Hispanics, and whites. JAMA. 1998;280:1662-3; author reply 1663. 34. Grant WB. Incidence of dementia and Alzheimer disease in Nigeria and the United States. JAMA. 2001;285:2448; author reply 2448-9. 35. Tang MX, Stern Y, Marder K, et al. The APOE-epsilon4 allele and the risk of Alzheimer disease among African Americans, whites, and Hispanics. JAMA. 1998;279:751-5. 36. Grant WB. Fish consumption, cancer, and Alzheimer disease. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000;71:599-600. 37. Barberger-Gateau P, Letenneur L, Deschamps V, Pérès K, Jean-François Dartigues JF, Renaud S. Fish, meat, and risk of dementia: cohort study. BMJ 2002;325:932-3. 38. Grant WB. Reducing the risk of Alzheimer's disease: NSAIDs, fish oils, and diet, BMJ electronic response, 31 July 2003. http://bmj.com/cgi/eletters/327/7407/128#35160 39. Larrieu S, Letenneur L, Helmer C, Dartigues JF, Barberger-Gateau P. Nutritional factors and risk of incident dementia in the PAQUID longitudinal cohort. J Nutr Health Aging. 2004;8:150-4. 40. Kalmijn S, van Boxtel MP, Ocke M, Verschuren WM, Kromhout D, Launer LJ. Dietary intake of fatty acids and fish in relation to cognitive performance at middle age. Neurology. 2004;62:275-80. 41. Crawford MA, Bloom M, Broadhurst CL, et al. Evidence for the unique function of docosahexaenoic acid during the evolution of the modern hominid brain. Lipids. 1999;34:S39-47. 42. Bourre JM. Roles of Unsaturated Fatty acids (Especially Omega-3 Fatty Acids) in the Brain at Various Ages and During Ageing. J Nutr Health Aging. 2004;8:163-74. 43. Das UN, Ramos EJ, Meguid MM. Metabolic alterations during inflammation and its modulation by central actions of omega-3 fatty acids. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2003;6:413-9. 44. Haag M. Essential fatty acids and the brain. Can J Psychiatry. 2003;48:195-203. 45. Yehuda S. Omega-6/omega-3 ratio and brain-related functions. World Rev Nutr Diet. 2003;92:37-56. 46. Simopoulos AP. Human requirement for N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Poult Sci. 2000;79:961-70. 47. Briante R, Febbraio F, Nucci R. Antioxidant properties of low molecular weight phenols present in the mediterranean diet. J Agric Food Chem. 2003;51:6975-81. 48. Grant WB, Dietary links to Alzheimer’s disease: 1999 update. J Alz Dis. 1999;1:197-201. 49. Grant WB, Campbell A, Itzhaki RF, Savory J, The significance of environmental factors in the etiology of Alzheimer’s disease. J Alz Dis. 2002;4:179-89. 50. Mattson MP. Will caloric restriction and folate protect against AD and PD? Neurology. 2003;60:690-5. 51. Gustafson D, Rothenberg E, Blennow K, Steen B, Skoog I. An 18-year follow-up of overweight and risk of Alzheimer disease. Arch Intern Med. 2003;163:1524-8. 52. Grant WB. Obesity and Alzheimer disease: roles of diet and genetics. Arch Intern Med. 2004;164:109-10; author reply 110. 53. Messier C. Diabetes, Alzheimer's disease and apolipoprotein genotype. Exp Gerontol. 2003;38:941-6. 54. Arvanitakis Z, Wilson RS, Bienias JL, Evans DA, Bennett DA. Diabetes Mellitus and Risk of Alzheimer Disease and Decline in Cognitive Function. Arch Neurol. 2004;61:661-6. 55. Luchsinger JA, Tang MX, Siddiqui M, Shea S, Mayeux R. Alcohol intake and risk of dementia. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2004;52:540-6. 56. Renaud S, de Lorgeril M. Wine, alcohol, platelets, and the French paradox for coronary heart disease. Lancet. 1992;339:1523-6. 57. Zhuang H, Kim YS, Koehler RC, Dore S. Potential mechanism by which resveratrol, a red wine constituent, protects neurons. 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1. Perry RJ, Hodges JR. Fate of patients with questionable (very mild) Alzheimer's disease: longitudinal profiles of individual subjects' decline. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2000;11:342-9.
2. Maccioni RB, Munoz JP, Barbeito L. The molecular bases of Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders. Arch Med Res. 2001;32:367-81
3. Gerdes, LU, Klausen IC, Sihm I, Færgeman O. Apolipoprotein E Polymorphism in a Danish Population Compared to Findings in 45 Other Study Populations Around the World. Genet Epidemiol 1992;9:155-67.
4. Corbo RM, Scacchi R. Apolipoprotein E (APOE) allele distribution in the world. Is APOE*4 a 'thrifty' allele? Ann Hum Genet. 1999;63:301-10.
5. Grant WB. Dietary links to Alzheimer's disease. Alz Dis Rev. 1997;2:42-55.
http://www.mc.uky.edu/adreview/Vol2/Grant/grant.pdf
6. Luchsinger JA, Tang MX, Shea S, Mayeux R. Caloric intake and the risk of Alzheimer disease. Arch Neurol. 2002;59:1258-63.
7. Chandra V, Ganguli M, Pandav R, Johnston J, Belle S, DeKosky ST. Prevalence of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias in rural India: the Indo-US study. Neurology. 1998 Oct;51(4):1000-8.
8. Morris MC, Evans DA, Bienias JL, et al. Dietary fats and the risk of incident Alzheimer disease. Arch Neurol. 2003;60:194-200. Erratum in: Arch Neurol. 2003;60:1072.
9. Morris MC, Evans DA, Bienias JL, et al. Consumption of fish and n-3 fatty acids and risk of incident Alzheimer disease. Arch Neurol. 2003;60:940-6.
10. Erasmus U. Fats that Heal; Fats that Kill, Fourth Printing, Alive Books, Burnaby, Can., 1993:456 pp.
11. Kalmijn S, Feskens EJM, Launer LJ, Kromhout D, Polyunsaturated fatty acids, antioxidants, and cognitive function in very old men. Am J Epidemiol 1997;145:33-41.
12. Kalmijn S, Lauher LJ, Ott A, Witteman JCM, Hofman A, Breteler MMB, Dietary fat intake and the risk of incident dementia in the Rotterdam study. Ann Neurol 1997;42:776-82.
13. Grant WB. The primary role of sweeteners in determining body mass index of women from developing countries; implications for risk of chronic disease. Am J Clin Nutr. in press (August 2004).
14. Simopoulos AP. The traditional diet of Greece and cancer. Eur J Cancer Prev. 2004;13:219-30.
15. de la Torre JC. Vascular basis of Alzheimer's pathogenesis. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2002;977:196-215.
16. Burke JR, Roses AD. Genetics of Alzheimer's disease. Int J Neurol. 1991-1992;25-6:41-51.
17. Strittmatter WJ, Saunders AM, Schmechel D, et al. Apolipoprotein E: high-avidity binding to beta-amyloid and increased frequency of type 4 allele in late-onset familial Alzheimer disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993;90:1977-81.
18. Roses AD, Saunders AM. APOE is a major susceptibility gene for Alzheimer's disease. Curr Opin Biotechnol. 1994;5:663-7.
19. Corder EH, Lannfelt L, Bogdanovic N, Fratiglioni L, Mori H. The role of APOE polymorphisms in late-onset dementias. Cell Mol Life Sci. 1998;54:928-34.
20. Roses AD. Apolipoprotein E and Alzheimer's disease. The tip of the susceptibility iceberg. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1998;855:738-43.
21. Ramassamy C, Averill D, Beffert U, et al. Oxidative insults are associated with apolipoprotein E genotype in Alzheimer's disease brain. Neurobiol Dis. 2000;7:23-37.
22. Lahiri DK, Sambamurti K, Bennett DA. Apolipoprotein gene and its interaction with the environmentally driven risk factors: molecular, genetic and epidemiological studies of Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging. 2004;25:651-60.
23. Sparks DL. Coronary artery disease, hypertension, ApoE, and cholesterol: a link to Alzheimer’s disease? Ann NY Acad Sci. 1997;826:128-46.
24. Ji ZS, Miranda RD, Newhouse YM, Weisgraber KH, Huang Y, Mahley RW. Apolipoprotein E4 potentiates amyloid beta peptide-induced lysosomal leakage and apoptosis in neuronal cells. J Biol Chem. 2002;277:21821-8.
25. Godfrey ME, Wojcik DP, Krone CA. Apolipoprotein E genotyping as a potential biomarker for mercury neurotoxicity. J Alzheimers Dis. 2003;5:189-95.
26. White L, Petrovitch H, Ross GW, et al. Prevalence of dementia in older Japanese-American men in Hawaii: The Honolulu-Asia Aging Study. JAMA. 1996;276:955-60.
27. Armstrong B, Doll R. Environmental factors and cancer incidence and mortality in different countries, with special reference to dietary practices. Int J Cancer. 1975;15:617-31.
28. Doll R, Peto R. The causes of cancer: quantitative estimates of avoidable risks of cancer in the United States today. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1981;66:1191-308
29. Burkitt DP. Possible relationships between bowel cancer and dietary habits. Proc R Soc Med. 1971;64:964-5.
30. Grant WB. Vindication for the ecologic approach, BMJ Rapid Response, 26 July 2003, http://bmj.com/cgi/eletters/327/7408/181#34924
31. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Food Balance Sheets; 1992-94 Average. FAO, Rome, 1996
32. Kalmijn S. Fatty acid intake and the risk of dementia and cognitive decline: a review of clinical and epidemiological studies. J Nutr Health Aging. 2000;4:202-7.
33. Grant WB. The APOE-epsilon4 allele and Alzheimer disease among African Americans, Hispanics, and whites. JAMA. 1998;280:1662-3; author reply 1663.
34. Grant WB. Incidence of dementia and Alzheimer disease in Nigeria and the United States. JAMA. 2001;285:2448; author reply 2448-9.
35. Tang MX, Stern Y, Marder K, et al. The APOE-epsilon4 allele and the risk of Alzheimer disease among African Americans, whites, and Hispanics. JAMA. 1998;279:751-5.
36. Grant WB. Fish consumption, cancer, and Alzheimer disease. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000;71:599-600.
37. Barberger-Gateau P, Letenneur L, Deschamps V, Pérès K, Jean-François Dartigues JF, Renaud S. Fish, meat, and risk of dementia: cohort study. BMJ 2002;325:932-3.
38. Grant WB. Reducing the risk of Alzheimer's disease: NSAIDs, fish oils, and diet, BMJ electronic response, 31 July 2003. http://bmj.com/cgi/eletters/327/7407/128#35160
39. Larrieu S, Letenneur L, Helmer C, Dartigues JF, Barberger-Gateau P. Nutritional factors and risk of incident dementia in the PAQUID longitudinal cohort. J Nutr Health Aging. 2004;8:150-4.
40. Kalmijn S, van Boxtel MP, Ocke M, Verschuren WM, Kromhout D, Launer LJ. Dietary intake of fatty acids and fish in relation to cognitive performance at middle age. Neurology. 2004;62:275-80.
41. Crawford MA, Bloom M, Broadhurst CL, et al. Evidence for the unique function of docosahexaenoic acid during the evolution of the modern hominid brain. Lipids. 1999;34:S39-47.
42. Bourre JM. Roles of Unsaturated Fatty acids (Especially Omega-3 Fatty Acids) in the Brain at Various Ages and During Ageing. J Nutr Health Aging. 2004;8:163-74.
43. Das UN, Ramos EJ, Meguid MM. Metabolic alterations during inflammation and its modulation by central actions of omega-3 fatty acids. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2003;6:413-9.
44. Haag M. Essential fatty acids and the brain. Can J Psychiatry. 2003;48:195-203.
45. Yehuda S. Omega-6/omega-3 ratio and brain-related functions. World Rev Nutr Diet. 2003;92:37-56.
46. Simopoulos AP. Human requirement for N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Poult Sci. 2000;79:961-70.
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