| While
it has been suggested that anti-inflammatory drugs may reduce
the risk of Alzheimer’s disease, a study of two such drugs
found that they did not slow the disease’s progression.
The study involved 351 patients with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer’s.
Neither arthritis drug rofecoxib, sold by Merck as Vioxx,
nor the over-the-counter painkiller naproxen, sold by Bayer
as Aleve, was able to slow mental decline.
The drugs are both non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
(NSAIDs). It is believed that inflammation contributes to
the brain damage that signals Alzheimer’s and that NSAIDs
might be useful in fighting the disease.
However, according to researchers, after one year of treatment,
neither rofecoxib nor naproxen slowed patients’ mental
decline compared with a placebo.
Moreover, along with the drugs’ lack of benefit, they
also carry a risk of side effects. In the study, participants
who took the drugs were more likely to experience high blood
pressure, dizziness, fatigue and dry mouth than patients who
took placebo. Other well-established side effects of regular
NSAID use include stomach upset, ulcers and bleeding.
Alzheimer's disease, the most common type of dementia, occurs
when deposits known as amyloid plaques accumulate in the brain.
The deposits can begin to form years before symptoms appear,
and it is thought that inflammatory mechanisms contribute
to the buildup of the plaques, though research findings to
that extents have not been conclusive.
Researchers concluded that individuals with Alzheimer’s
disease should not take NSAIDs to treat their disease.
Alzheimer's disease currently affects more than 4 million
people and there is no known cure. It is estimated that the
number of cases of Alzheimer’s will reach 14 million
by 2050 until a cure or prevention is found.
JAMA
June 4, 2003;289:2819-2826,2865-2867
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